The fourth principle of Pancasila, “Kerakyatan yang Dipimpin oleh Hikmat Kebijaksanaan dalam Permusyawaratan/Perwakilan,” or Democracy Guided by Wisdom in Deliberation/Representation, highlights the crucial importance of wisdom and deliberation within Indonesia’s democratic system. This principle emphasizes thoughtful and inclusive decision-making processes.
“Kerakyatan” underscores the sovereignty of the people as the holders of the highest power in the state. However, this power is exercised through mechanisms of representation and deliberation, not solely based on a simple majority vote.
“Hikmat Kebijaksanaan” carries the meaning that every decision-making process should be based on sound reasoning, moral considerations, and noble values. The common interests of the nation must be prioritized above narrow personal or group interests.
“Permusyawaratan/Perwakilan” emphasizes the importance of dialogue, discussion, and the exchange of opinions in seeking the best solutions. Decisions reached through deliberation and consensus are expected to accommodate various interests and aspirations within society.
This fourth principle encourages the active participation of all citizens in the political process and decision-making, both directly and through their representatives in the people’s representative institutions. Inclusivity is key to this democratic pillar.
The implementation of this fourth principle is reflected in the system of free and fair elections, the existence of effective people’s representative institutions, and the tradition of deliberation and consensus-building in various decision-making forums across Indonesia.
Civic education that instills the values of democracy, wisdom, and the spirit of deliberation is vital in shaping responsible and participatory citizens who understand the nuances of Indonesian democracy, encouraging them to actively engage in political processes and contribute meaningfully to collective decision-making for the betterment of the nation.
By practicing this fourth principle, Indonesia aims to realize a high-quality democratic system that produces wise and just decisions, and strengthens national unity through inclusive mechanisms of deliberation and representation for all its diverse population, ensuring that the voices and perspectives of all citizens are heard and valued in the pursuit of common goals.